[SIP] provides the necessary protocol mechanisms so that end systems and proxy servers can provide services: 



* call forwarding, including 

* the equivalent of 700-, 800- and 900- type calls; 

* call-forwarding no answer; 

* call-forwarding busy; 

* call-forwarding unconditional; 

* other address-translation services; 

* callee and calling ``number'' delivery, where numbers can be any (preferably unique) naming scheme; 

* personal mobility, i.e., the ability to reach a called party under a single, location-independent address even when the user changes terminals; 

* terminal-type negotiation and selection: a caller can be given a choice how to reach the party, e.g., via [Internet] telephony, mobile phone, an answering service, etc.; 

* terminal capability negotiation; 

* caller and callee authentication; 

* blind and supervised call transfer; 

* invitations to multicast conferences. 

Extensions of [SIP] to allow third-party signaling (e.g., for click-to-dial services, fully meshed conferences and connections to multipoint control units ([MCU]s), as well as mixed modes and the transition between those) are available. 



[SIP] addresses users by an email-like address and re-uses some of the infrastructure of electronic mail delivery such as [DNS] MX records or using [SMTP] [EXPN] for address expansion. [SIP] addresses ([URL]s) can also be embedded in web pages. [SIP] is addressing-neutral, with addresses expressed as [URL]s of various types such as [SIP], [H.323] or telephone ([E.164]). 



[SIP] can also be used for signaling [Internet] real-time fax delivery. This requires no major changes. Fax might be carried via [RTP], [TCP] (e.g., the protocols discussed in the [Internet] fax WG) or other mechanisms. 



[SIP] is independent of the packet layer and only requires an unreliable datagram service, as it provides its own reliability mechanism. While [SIP] typically is used over [UDP] or [TCP], it could, without technical changes, be run over [IPX], or carrier pigeons, frame relay, [ATM] [AAL5] or [X.25], in rough order of desireability.